Passing of Budget (Budget pass a nih dan)

 

BUDGET PASS A NIH DAN

India ramah hian Budget (Annual Financial Statement) pass tur chuan Parliamentary democracy kalphung zuiin thiltih dan tur rahbi(stages) paruk (6) a awm tlángpui a. India Dan Pui (Constitution) Article 112-na hnuaiah ruahman a ni.

A hnuai hian a kalphung chu a dawt danin tarlan a ni:

1. Presentation of Budget (Budget Pholanna): Finance Minister-in Lok Sabha-ah Budget a rawn pho lang hmasa ber ang a. Hetah hian "Budget Speech" a chhiar chhuak ang; chutah chuan sorkar sum lakluh dan tur leh hman chhuah dan tur ruahmanna a sawi ṭhin. Budget hi Lok Sabha-ah chauh pholan hmasak theih a ni. State a nih chuan State Legislative Assembly-ah pho chhuah tùr a ni.

2. General Discussion (Sawihona Pángngái): Budget pholan a nih hnu ni tlemte-ah Parliament-ah sawihona (discussion) a awm a. Hetah hian thil chipchiar lutuk sawi lovin, sorkar policy leh sum hman dan tur tlángpui chauh sawi a ni ṭhîn. Lok Sabha-ah pawmpui a nih hnu-ah Rajya Sabha-ah thawn a ni ang a. Rajya Sabha pawhin hetah hian an ngaihdàn an sawi ve thei a ni.

3. Scrutiny by Departmental Committees (Committee-ten an enfiahna): Sawihona pángngái a zawh hian Parliament chu kar 3-4 vel chhung chawlhtir (adjourn) a ni a. Hemi hun chhúng hian Department hrang hrang committee-ten an department tana sum dilna (Demands for Grants) kha chipchiar takin an lo enfiah ṭhîn.

4. Voting on Demands for Grants (Sum dilna pawmpui tùra thu tlukna lak): Committee-te enfiahna a zawh hian Lok Sabha-ah sum dilna tinte kha sawihopui leh a ni a, tichuan thutlukna (voting) lak a ni ṭhîn. Hetah hian thil pahnih chhinchhiah tùr a awm.

          Cut Motions: Opposition-te hian sorkar sum dil kha an duh lo a nih chuan 'Cut Motion' an siam thei a. Hei hi sum dil zat tih tlemna emaw, sorkar hmalakna sawiselna emaw a ni.

            Guillotine: Hun a tawp dawn tawh si a, sum dilna sawi loh tam tak a la awm chuan, Speaker-in vote lakna a nei thut ṭhîn a, chu chu Guillotine an ti.

5. Passing of Appropriation Bill (Sum hman theihna dan pass-na): Sum dilna zawng zawng vote hmang pass a nih tawh hnú-ah, Consolidated Fund of India aṭangin sorkarin sum a lák chhuah theih nán Appropriation Bill pass a ngai a. He dàn hi pass a nih loh chuan sorkarin sum a hmang thei lo.

6. Passing of Finance Bill (Sum lakluhna dan pass-na): A tawp berah chuan sorkarin chhiah (tax) a lakluh theihna tur leh sum a hmuh theihna tura ruahmanna, Finance Bill kha pass a ni leh a. He bill hi President-in a 'Assent' (pawmpuina) a pek hnú-ah chuan Budget chu dàn angin a tling (Act) ta a ni. State-ah chuan Governor-in a pawmpui thung.

Mizo Context-ah (State Budget): State budget (Mizoram angah) pawh hian a chunga kalphung ang deuh chiah kha Legislative Assembly-ah zui a ni ṭhîn. Finance Minister-in Assembly-ah a pu lút a, MLA-ten an sawiho va, tichuan vote a nih hnû-ah Appropriation Bill pass a ni ṭhîn. Hetiang hian Budget chu mipui aiwha thlan ten an pawm hnú-ah chauh sorkarin mipui sum a hmang thei ṭhîn a ni.

Thu belh: India Dan Pui Hnuai-a Budget: India Dan Pui (Constitution) ah hian 'Budget' tih thumal hi hman a ni ve lo a; a ai-ah 'Annual Financial Statement' (Article 112) tih hman a ni.

 Eng vangin nge Budget hi neih kher a ṭùl?

Chhanna: Dan Puiin a phút avàngin Budget hi siam a ṭúl a, chungte chu:

a) Article 265: Dan phalna la hmasa lovin sorkarin mipui hnénah chhiah (tax) a khawn emaw, a siam emaw a thiang lo. [Chutiang ti tur chuan Parliament phalna lak a ngai].

b) Article 266: Legislature (Parliament) phalna liau liau tel lovin sorkarin pawisa a hmang chhuak thiang lo. [Sum hman chhuah reng rengah Parliament hriatpuina a ngai].

c) Article 112: President chuan kumtin Sorkar sum hmuh leh hman dan tur ruahmanna (Annual Financial Statement) chu Parliament hmaah a pharh ngei ngei tur a ni.

ENGLISH

 PROCEDURE FOR PASSING THE BUDGET

In India, passing the Budget (Annual Financial Statement) involves six (6) main stages following the principles of Parliamentary democracy. This process is mandated under Article 112 of the Constitution of India.

The stages are as follows:

1. Presentation of the Budget: The Finance Minister presents the Budget in the Lok Sabha first. During this, the "Budget Speech" is delivered, outlining the government's estimated receipts and expenditures. The Budget can only be introduced in the Lok Sabha (at the Central level) or the State Legislative Assembly (at the State level).

2. General Discussion: A few days after the presentation, a general discussion takes place in Parliament. At this stage, only general policies and the overall financial position are discussed, rather than minute details. After the Lok Sabha discusses it, it is sent to the Rajya Sabha, where members can also express their views.

3. Scrutiny by Departmental Committees: Following the general discussion, Parliament is usually adjourned for 3–4 weeks. During this period, various Departmental Standing Committees examine the "Demands for Grants" of their respective departments in detail.

4. Voting on Demands for Grants: After the committee scrutiny, the Lok Sabha discusses and votes on each demand for grants. Two important terms to note here are:

Cut Motions: The Opposition can move a 'Cut Motion' to reduce the amount of a grant or to express disapproval of a government policy.

Guillotine: Due to time constraints, if many demands remain undiscussed by the final day, the Speaker puts all remaining demands to a vote immediately. This is called the "Guillotine."

5. Passing of Appropriation Bill: Once all demands for grants are voted on and passed, the Appropriation Bill is introduced. This Bill is essential because the government cannot withdraw funds from the Consolidated Fund of India without it being passed.

6. Passing of Finance Bill: Finally, the Finance Bill is passed to legalise the government’s proposals for taxation and revenue collection. Once the President (or the Governor in a State) gives their 'Assent', the Budget process is complete, and it becomes an Act.

Mizo Context (State Budget): In States like Mizoram, a similar procedure is followed in the Legislative Assembly. The Finance Minister introduces the budget, MLAs discuss and vote on it, and finally, the Appropriation Bill is passed. This ensures that the government spends public money only after obtaining approval from the people's elected representatives.

Additional Info: Budget in the Indian Constitution: The term 'Budget' is not actually mentioned in the Constitution; instead, it is referred to as the 'Annual Financial Statement' under Article 112.

Why is a Budget necessary?

Answer. The Constitution makes the Budget mandatory for the following reasons:

1. Article 265: No tax shall be levied or collected except by the authority of law. (Taxation requires Parliamentary approval).

2. Article 266: No expenditure can be incurred except with the authorisation of the Legislature. (Spending requires Parliamentary approval).

3. Article 112: The President shall, in respect of every financial year, cause to be laid before Parliament the Annual Financial Statement.

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