RESERVE RATIO

            Reserve Ratio hi bank-ten pawisa an dawn (deposit) aṭanga an hman chhuah phal loh, kawl tùra tih bîk zát sawina a ni a. Zirláite tán chuan "Safe Deposit" emaw "Invènna" anga hriatthiam a awlsam ber ang.

             Bank hian mi hrang hrang hnén aṭangin pawisa an dawng kháwm ṭhîn a; mahse, chumi zawng zawng chu ba (loan) anga pe chhuak vek lovin, a thuneitû ber (India-ah chuan Reserve Bank of India - RBI) hian an kawl theih zát tùr bituk a siamsak ṭhîn a ni.

             Reserve Ratio hi chi hnih lian deuh a awm a:

            1. Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR): Hei hi chu bank-ten pawisa fái (cash) ngèi-a RBI-a an va dah luh tùr zát kha a ni.

            A tum: Economy-a pawisa tlán / kal kual (liquidity) vawn din nán leh bank a lo tlachhia a nih pawha mipui pawisá tlém tal venhim nána tih a ni. Entirnan: CRR hi 4% a nih a, bank-in ₹100 deposit a dawn chuan, ₹4 chu RBI hnénah a dah lút tùr a ni.    

            2. Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR): Hei hi chu bank-ten anmahni kuta an kawl reng tùr zat a ni. Mahse, pawisa fái chauh ni lovin, rangkachak (gold) emaw, sorkar lehkha pawimawh (government securities) angin an kawl thei.

            A tum: Bank-in thil thleng thuta pawisa lak chhuah duhtú an awm pawha lo pék tùr a neih reng nán.

            Engvànga pawimawh ngé a nih?

            Zirláite tán he thil kalphung hi hetiang hian a khàikháwm theih:

            a) SLR a sàn chuan Bank-in loan atána hman tùr pawisa a nei tlém a, a pung (interest) a sâng              ṭhîn.

            b) SLR a hniam chuan Bank-in pawisa a ngah a, loan a tam a, economy a kal chak ṭhîn.

             A táwi záwngin: Reserve Ratio hi "emergency" atána bank-in a dah hran tùr, a hman phal miah loh zát kha a ni mai. Hei hian kan sum leh pái dinmun (economy) a vawng tlat a ni. RBI hian thla hnih dan apiangin "Monetary Policy Review" an nei ṭhîn a. Hetah hian ram chhúng economy dinhmun thlìrin CRR, SLR, leh Repo Rate-te hi tihdanglam a ngái em tih an rél ṭhîn. Thla tin ni lovin, thla hnih danah vawi khat a ni tlângpui.

 REPO RATE

            A awmzia: Kan mamawh hunah Bank hnénah pawisà kan va pûk (loan) ṭhîn a, chutiang bawkin Bank-te pawh hian pawisa an mamawh hunah Reserve Bank of India (RBI) hnén aṭangin pawisa an va pûk ve ṭhîn a ni. RBI-in Bank-te hnéna pawisa a pûktîr aṭanga (short-term loan) hláwkna a lák ṭhîn hi Repo Rate chu a ni.

            Engtin nge a thawh?

            Repo Rate a sàn chuan: Bank-te tan RBI hnena pawisà pûk a to (expensive) tihna a ni. Bank-te tán pawisa pûk a to chuan, mipuite hnéna loan an pék chhuah hunah interest rate an tisáng vè ṭhîn. Chuvàngin, loan lak a to a, miin loan an lák tlèm phah ṭhîn.

            Repo Rate a hniam chuan: Bank-te tán RBI hnéna pawisa pûk a tláwm (cheap) a. Bank-te'n sum an hmuhna aṭanga a pung a tlèm miau chuan mipuite hnénah loan interest tláwm záwkin an pe chhuak thei a, mi-in loan an lák hnem phah ṭhîn.

            Engvángin nge  RBI-in a thlák danglam reng?: RBI hian ram chhénga pawisa che vél thunun nán he "Repo Rate" hi hmanrua berah a hmang ṭhîn.

            Thil man a sàn lutuk chuan (Inflation) RBI-in Repo Rate a tisáng a. Mi-in loan an la tlém a,  pawisa a tlém a, mi-in thil an lei tlém a; tichuan, thil man a hniam phah leh ṭhîn.

            Economy tihchak a ngaih chuan RBI-in Repo Rate a tihniam a. Loan lák a awlsam a, miin sumdàwnna thar an din a, pawisa a tam a, ramin hmá a sáwn phah ṭhîn.

            A táwi záwngin (May 2026 dinhmun): Túna kan hman mêk (Current Repo Rate) hi 5.25% vél             a ni.

            Repo Rate chungchánga zirlaite tán hriat tùr pawimawh:

            Lender (Petu): RBI

            Borrower (Petu): Commercial Banks (SBI, HDFC, etc.)

            Purpose (A tum): Ram chhúnga pawisa che vél (Liquidity) leh thil man (Inflation) thunun                      nán.

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