Consolidated Fund and Contingency (short note)

CONSOLIDATED FUND OF INDIA  & CONTINGENCY FUND

            Consolidated Fund hi sorkar "Sum báwm pui" (Main Purse) a ni a. Ram pum emaw, State emawa sorkar sum luhna leh chhuahna pui ber a ni. India dàn pui (Constitution) Article 266 (1) hnuai-ah he fund hi siam a ni.

A awmzia hriat thiam awlsam nán hetiang hian ka’n thliar ang e:

Zawhna. Eng nge he báwmah hian lút ṭhîn?

Chhànna. Sorkar sum hmuh (Revenue ti-in sawi mai ila) zawng zawng deuhthàw hi he báwmah hian a lút vek a, héngte hi a langsàr zualte an ni:

1) Tax lak luh: Direct Taxes leh Indirect Taxes, GST, Income Tax, Customs Duty, Excise Duty, etc.

2) Tax ni lo (Non-Tax): Sorkar hnén aṭanga loan kan pûk interest kan dawn te, sorkar company (PSUs) hláwkna te.

3) Loan lák: Sorkarin Treasury bills emaw, ram dang leh bank aṭanga pawisa a pûk zawng zawngte.

4)Loan rulhna: Sorkarin loan a lo pék tawhte an rawn rulh lehna pawisa.

Zawhna. Engtin nge pawisa a chhuah leh ṭhin?

Chhànna. He báwm (Consolidated Fund) aṭang hian sorkarin a duh duh hunah pawisa a la chhuak ngawt thei lo a. Hemi chungchángah hian thil pahnih hriat tùr a awm.

1) Parliament/Assembly phalna: Sorkarin he báwm aṭang hian pawisa lak chhuah a duh chuan Parliament (Central sorkar tan) emaw, State Assembly (State sorkar tan) emaw hnénah phalna a dil hmasak a ngái a. Chu chu Appropriation Bill hmangin a ni ṭhîn.

2) Hmanna tùr bikte: Sorkar hnathawkte hlawh, hmasawnna hna, leh ram venhimna (defence) atána hman tur zawng zawng chu he báwm atang hian a chhuak vek a ni.

"Charged" Expenditure (Phalna lák ngái lo): Thil tlêmte, he báwm aṭanga Parliament-in "vote" ngái kher lo, lak chhuah ngei ngei tur chi a awm a.

            Entirnán:

        1) President, Governor-te hlawh leh an allowance.

        2) Supreme Court leh High Court Judge-te hlawh.

     3) Sorkar bat (Debt) rulhna leh a pung (Interest). Héngte hi chu sorkar a ding a nih chuan pek ngéi ngéi tùr a nih avángin budget-ah "Charged" tiin kum tin an dah hrang ṭhîn.

Chutiang chuan Consolidated Fund chu sorkar Bank Account pui ber a ni a, chutah chuan mipui sum zawng zawng a lút a. Chu sum chu hman a nih dáwnin mipui ai-awhtu (MLAs / MPs) ten "Aw le, hmang rawh u" ti-a an pawmpui (Vote) phawt a ngái a ni.

Hemi bákah hian sorkar hian báwm dang pahnih a la nei a:

            1) Public Account: (Mipui pawisa sorkarin a vawnsak - entirnán, Provident Fund).

            2) Contingency Fund: (Thil thleng thut, emergency-a hman tur báwm te).

            Aw le, a tún ṭumah hian Contingency Fund i han thlúr bing leh teh ang aw.

CONTINGENCY FUND

Contingency Fund chu Mizo ṭawng chuan "Emergency Fund" (Ṭúl thuta hman tùr sum) kan ti thei ang. Sorkar hian thil rin loh deuha lo thleng thut (entirnán: Chhiatrupna, Indona, a nih loh leh hripui leng) atána pawisa a dah hran liau liau a ni.

India ram dinhmunah hian chi hnih a awm a: Central Contingency Fund leh State Contingency Fund.

1. Eng vánga awm nge ti-in zawhna han siam ila?

Chhanna chu hetiang hian i han pe dáwn teh ang. Sorkar hian pawisa hman tùr rêng rêng chu Parliament (Central-ah) emaw Legislative Assembly (State-ah) hnénah phalna a dil hmasa phawt ṭhîn a. Mahse, chhiatrupna a thlen thut chuan Parliament ṭhut kháwm nghah nán hun a awm ṭhîn lo. Chuvàng chuan, he fund hi chu dil hmasa lova hman nghál mai theih tùrin dah a ni.

2. Thuneitu leh a Kalphung:

1) Thuneitu: He fund hi India President (Central-ah) leh Governor (State-ah) te kuta awm a ni. An aiawhin Finance Secretary-in a enkawl tlangpui.

2) Zalenna: Sorkarin Parliament phalna la hmasa lovin he fund aṭang hian pawisa a la chhuak thei.

3) Pawisa Dah Belh: Pawisa an hman zawh chuan, a hnú-ah Parliament hnénah hriattirna an pe a, an hman zát chiah kha Consolidated Fund of India (Sorkar báwm lian) aṭangin an thun khat leh ṭhîn.

 THU BELH

Central sorkar hnuaia Contingency Fund of India chungchang hi a chipchiar zawkin han thlir ila. Hei hi India ram pum huapa chhiatrupna emaw, thil thleng thut laka min chhandamtu "Emergency Bank Account" lian tak a ni.

1. A bul ṭhut: India Dan Pui (Constitution), Article 267(1) hnuaiah hian Central Contingency Fund hi din a ni a. Parliament-in dan a siam a, chu dan hmang chuan he báwm hi enkawl a ni. Thuneitú ber chu President of India a ni. He pawisa hi India President kuta awm a ni a. Mahse, President hian amahin a vawng tawp lo va, a aiawhin Finance Secretary (Ministry of Finance) hian a enkawl ṭhîn. Sorkarin pawisa hman thut a ngaihin, President hnénah hian "Advance" a dil a, chumi hnú-ah hman chhuah phalna a pe ṭhîn a ni.

2. Pawisa theh chhuah theih zát (Corpus) i han sawi teh ang. He báwm hi engtik lái pawha pawisa awm rengna tur a ni a. Kum 2021 hmá kha chuan ₹500 crore chauh a ni ṭhîn. Mahse, COVID-19 hripui a lèn hnú khán, ₹500 crore chu emergency atán a tlêm tham hlê tih hriat chhuah a ni a. Chuvàng chuan, Finance Act 2021 hmangin he fund hi ₹30,000 crore-ah tihpun a ni ta a ni.

3. Engtin nge hman a nih hnú-ah an thun khah leh ṭhin?

Chhànna chu tihian han dah ila. He fund kalphung hi a danglam bik riau a, a hnuai ami ang hian a ni:

          1) Hman chhuah: Chhiatna thleng thut a awm a, Parliament ṭhutkháwm a nih loh chuan, President phalnain pawisa hi an la chhuak a, an hmang nghál (Ex-post facto approval) ṭhin.

              2) Parliament Phalna: Pawisa an hman zawh hnú-ah, Parliament ṭhutkháwm hmasa berah "Heti zát hi emergency-ah kan hmang a ni" ti-in an hriattir a, phalna (authorizátion) an la leh a.

        3) Refilling (Thun khah lehna): Phalna lák a nih hnú hian, sorkar báwm lian (Consolidated Fund of India) aṭang khán pawisa an la chhuak a, Contingency Fund-a an hman liam tâk zât chiah kha an thun khat leh vek ṭhîn. A táwi záwngin han sawi leh ta ila; he fund hi chu "Emergency atán chauh" a nih avàngin, a pawisa zát hi a pángngãi (₹30,000 crore) reng tùr a ni a. An hman chuan an thun khat leh nghál zẽl a ni. 

4. Consolidated Fund nèn an danglamna

Nihphung	Consolidated Fund of India	Contingency Fund of India
A awmna	Article 266(1)	Article 267 (1)
Hman dàn	Parliament phalna lák hmasak a ngâi	President phalna hmangin hman chhuah nghál mai theih a ni
Sum luhna	Tax, loans, revenue zawng zawng	Sorkar sum báwm lian a̕ṭanga thun chauh a ni
A hmanna	Sorkar hmalákna hnathawh leh Scheme hrang hrang atán hman a ni.	Thil thleng thut leh ruahman láwk awm lohna (unforeseen) atán chauh a ni.

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